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Inactivation Effects of Hypochlorous Acid, Chlorine Dioxide, and Ozone on Airborne SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza A Virus

doi.org · added Oct 2026

Summary

In a 1 m3 chamber with virus in diluted saliva, airborne HOCl at 0.02 ppm reduced SARS-CoV-2 infectivity by about 2 log in 10 minutes. SARS-CoV-2 persisted under conditions where influenza A fell below detection.

Key points

  • In a 1 m3 chamber, airborne HOCl at 0.02 ppm reduced SARS-CoV-2 infectivity by about 2 log within 10 minutes.
  • Chlorine dioxide and ozone reached a similar 2-log reduction at 1.0 ppm each.
  • For both viruses, the reduction grew with concentration and exposure time.
  • SARS-CoV-2 persisted in the air under conditions where influenza A fell below detection.
  • Design: lab chamber study with both viruses in diluted saliva at 23 °C and 50% humidity; no people were tested.
  • Funding: Japanese health ministry research grant; no competing interests declared.